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Objectives@#. The purpose of this study was to investigate serum pituitary tumor transforming gene (PTTG1) expression in laryngeal carcinoma and its relationship with the clinical pathological characteristics and prognosis. @*Methods@#. Expression of serum PTTG1 was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in 110 patients with laryngeal carcinoma and 60 patients with vocal cord polyps. Expression of the serum PTTG1 levels relationship with the clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis were analyzed. @*Results@#. In laryngeal carcinoma patients’ serum, the PTTG1 median concentration was 141.43 pg/mL (interquartile range [IQR], 111.387 to 160.837 pg/mL), significantly higher than that of the vocal cord polyp group of 94.01 pg/mL (IQR, 81.26 to 108.59 pg/mL), and the difference was statistically significant (z=–6.715, P<0.001). PTTG1 expression with lymph node metastasis, clinical stage, and patients with laryngeal carcinoma was significantly correlated with the tumor differentiation degree (P<0.05). The total survival rate of the PTTG1 high expression group was significantly lower than the low expression group, and the difference of total survival time of the two groups was statistically significant (P<0.001). @*Conclusion@#. The PTTG1 expression level can be used as an index for evaluating prognosis of laryngeal cancer. High PTTG1 expression is one of the factors of poor prognosis of laryngeal carcinoma patients.
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Objective To investigate the method of modeling, finite element modeling and AnyBody musculoskeletal multi-body dynamics simulation technique analyze the biomechanics of clinical orthopaedic surgery. Methods The AnyBody software was used to establish the musculoskeletal motor model of the individualized upper limbs according to the height, weight and CT data of the volunteers. The flexion motion of the elbow in normal people was simulated, and the muscle force, joint force, torque, constraint condition of the humerus during the flexion movement were derived and used as the boundary conditions of finite element analysis.Then, the 3D reconstruction was conducted in the MIMICS software based on CT data. In the Geomagic Studio software, the humeral curved surface and position coordinate matching were completed, and grid division and material assignment were done in the HyperMesh software. Finally, the 3D reconstruction for finite element model of the humerus was introduced into ABAQUS software. The boundary condition data derived from the AnyBody software were applied and the stress calculation analysis was performed. Results The results of the stress and displacement of the humerus during elbow flexion motion were calculated in the ABAQUS software. The maximum stress and displacement of the humerus were 0.76 MPa and 20 μm when flexion of the elbow joint was about 90°. Conclusions A continuous dynamic analysis of humeral stress and displacement during elbow flexion motion was realized, which was more consistent with the requirements of human physiological anatomy and could provide an efficient analysis platform and a new way for studying clinical orthopedic problems.
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Objective@#To study the characteristics of maxillofacial contour data of male young adult group and to compare the differences between data acquired by structured light three-dimensional scanning and CT.@*Methods@#From November 2017 to December 2017, 120 healthy male volunteers from the General Hospital of Southern Theatre Command aged 20 to 30 years, weighed 55-85 kg, and with the height between 160-185 cm were selected. Three groups were carried out according to the concentrative trend of BMI: 17≤BMI<22(group A), 22≤BMI<24(group B), 24≤BMI<29(group C). Structured light scanning: Each volunteer underwent facial scanning and measurement by 3D medical simulation system and 3D precision digital shaping software in the system respectively. CT scanning: CT was also used for whole skull scanning and the harvested 3D data was calculated and measured with Mimics 13.0 and Geomagic Studio 2013 software. Three groups of measurements were statistically compared between groups using Paired-t sample test, One-way ANOVA or Wilcoxon rank sum test. P<0.05 indicates statistical difference.@*Results@#The result of structured light three-dimensional scanning data showed that the horizontal circumference of supraauricular base point (point A), tragus point (point B), earlobe point (point C) and midpoint of lip plane (point D) in group A were (276.70±11.71) mm, (286.06±7.69) mm, (256.53±11.01) mm, (244.89±11.85) mm. The values in group B were (289.22±8.91) mm, (301.57 ±3.61) mm, (270.68±11.85) mm and (257.02±11.76) mm. The values in group C were (297.53±5.70) mm, (314.12±4.73) mm, (278.29±9.04) mm and (260.21±17.33) mm. The results of CT three-dimensional reconstruction model: the horizontal circumference of superior ear base point, tragus point, ear lobe point and lip plane midpoint in group A were (274.55±9.98) mm, (283.33±7.35) mm, (260.32±12.64) mm, (241.97±11.94) mm. The values in group B were (286.40±7.29) mm, (300.28±2.73) mm, (274.89±7.91) mm and (253.84±12.04) mm. The values in group C were (293.27±8.18) mm, (310.38±8.43) mm, (283.41±10.94) mm and (254.67±13.71) mm. There was no significant difference between the two collection method (P>0.05). The statistical result of structured light three-dimensional scanning image data showed that there were significant differences between group A and group B, group A and group C, group B and group C(t=-5.798 6, -8.109 0, -4.044 3; P=0.000 0, 0.000 0, 0.000 1). By the circumference of horizontal plane at point B, there were significant differences between group A and group B, group A and group C, group B and group C(t=-12.190 0, -16.206 7, -12.054 2; P=0.000 0, 0.000 0, 0.000 0). There were significant differences in horizontal plane circumference between group A and group B, group A and group C, group B and group C(t=-6.078 8, -8.346 5, -2.686 5; P=0.000 0, 0.000 0, 0.009 2). Through the horizontal plane circumference of point C, there were significant differences between group A and group B, group A and group C, group B and group C. Through the horizontal plane circumference of point D, there were significant differences between group A and group B, group A and group C(t=-5.025 1, -4.495 4; P=0.000 0, 0.000 0). The difference between group B and group C was not statistically significant (t=-0.886 6, P=0.378 6). The statistical result of CT scanning reconstruction model data showed that there were significant differences in horizontal plane circumference between group A and group B, group A and group C, group B and group C(t=-6.520 5, -7.924 5, -3.495 7; P=0.000 0, 0.000 0, 0.000 9). According to the horizontal plane circumference of point B, there were significant differences between group A and group B, group A and group C, group B and group C. There were significant differences in horizontal plane circumference between group A and group B, group A and group C, group B and group C. By the circumference of horizontal plane at point C, there were significant differences between group A and group B, group A and group C, group B and group C(t=-6.596 1, -7.622 4, -3.637 7; P=0.000 0, 0.000 0, 0.000 6). According to the horizontal plane circumference of point D, there were significant differences between group A and group B, group A and group C (t=-4.846 0, -4.085 3; P=0.000 0, 0.000 1). The difference between group B and group C was not statistically significant (t=-0.254 2; P=0.800 1).@*Conclusions@#The three-dimensional data of the maxillofacial region of male young adults has a correlation with the BMI. Structured light three-dimensional scanning is a more accurate and convenient way to collect three-dimensional data of maxillofacial contour than CT scanning, which is helpful to improve the efficiency of clinical and scientific research.
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Objective@#To analyze the clinical data of a family with early-onset familial Alzheimer′s disease and to analyze the mutation of the pathogenic gene in the family.@*Methods@#The clinical data of a proband who was clinically diagnosed as early-onset Alzheimer′s disease in the Department of Neurology, People′s Hospital of Zhengzhou University in October 2018 and her family members were collected. Moreover, whole exome sequencing was performed on blood sample from the proband, then its deleterious effects were assessed according to the Standards and guidelines for the interpretation of sequence variants, a joint consensus recommendation of the American College of Medical Genomics. Subsequently, the strong pathogenic mutation was validated by Sanger sequencing in the some members of the family and 50 sporadic Alzheimer′s disease and 50 normal individuals of the family. Apolipoprotein E (APOE) typing of 10 family members was all epsilon 3/epsilon 3.@*Results@#The proband in this family showed decreased memory, visual space disorder, verbal repetition, personality change and abnormal mental behavior. The mutation at codon 717 of exon 17 of the proband amyloid precursor protein gene was detected by gene detection. The mutation at codon 717 of exon 17 of the proband beta-amyloid precursor protein gene was also found in the other five members of the family. The mutation was not found in 50 sporadic Alzheimer′s disease patients and 50 normal individuals outside the family. The proband′s head magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed bilateral hippocampal atrophy on plain scan, especially on the left side. No obvious abnormality was found in the head magnetic resonance angiography. The head MRI of the proband′s sister showed brain atrophy and bilateral hippocampal atrophy.@*Conclusions@#The study identified the pathogenic mutation of the beta-amyloid precursor protein gene p.V717I in six patients of a family with early-onset familial Alzheimer′s disease, and the mutation showed a phenomenon of family segregation. This finding is of great significance to the study of early-onset Alzheimer′s disease in Chinese population.
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Objective To analyze the clinical data of a family with early?onset familial Alzheimer′s disease and to analyze the mutation of the pathogenic gene in the family. Methods The clinical data of a proband who was clinically diagnosed as early?onset Alzheimer′s disease in the Department of Neurology, People′s Hospital of Zhengzhou University in October 2018 and her family members were collected. Moreover, whole exome sequencing was performed on blood sample from the proband, then its deleterious effects were assessed according to the Standards and guidelines for the interpretation of sequence variants, a joint consensus recommendation of the American College of Medical Genomics. Subsequently, the strong pathogenic mutation was validated by Sanger sequencing in the some members of the family and 50 sporadic Alzheimer′s disease and 50 normal individuals of the family. Apolipoprotein E (APOE) typing of 10 family members was all epsilon 3/epsilon 3. Results The proband in this family showed decreased memory, visual space disorder, verbal repetition, personality change and abnormal mental behavior. The mutation at codon 717 of exon 17 of the proband amyloid precursor protein gene was detected by gene detection. The mutation at codon 717 of exon 17 of the proband beta?amyloid precursor protein gene was also found in the other five members of the family. The mutation was not found in 50 sporadic Alzheimer′s disease patients and 50 normal individuals outside the family. The proband′s head magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed bilateral hippocampal atrophy on plain scan, especially on the left side. No obvious abnormality was found in the head magnetic resonance angiography. The head MRI of the proband′s sister showed brain atrophy and bilateral hippocampal atrophy. Conclusions The study identified the pathogenic mutation of the beta?amyloid precursor protein gene p. V717I in six patients of a family with early?onset familial Alzheimer′s disease, and the mutation showed a phenomenon of family segregation. This finding is of great significance to the study of early?onset Alzheimer′s disease in Chinese population.
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Objective To investigate the frequency and location of cerebral microbleeds in cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarct and leukoencephalopathy (CADASIL) to understand the imaging and clinical features of the disease.Methods Cranial magnetic resonance imaging and susceptibility-weighted imaging were assessed in seven symptomatic CADASIL patients in People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University from 2014 to 2017.Imaging features and clinical significance of these patients were analyzed retrospectively.Results The seven patients were diagnosed by Notch3 gene detection.Mutations were found in exon 11 in four cases,and in exon 4 in three cases.All the seven patients with CADASIL had cerebral microbleeds,the number of which was 108 (4-36).The number of cerebral microbleeds was found to be higher in cortico-subcortical region than in any other regions.One of CADASIL patients with cerebral microbleeds had intracerebral hemorrhage located in external capsule.The patient with intracerebral hemorrhage had hypertension and multiple cerebral microbleeds.Conclusions Cerebral microbleeds are common imaging characteristics in symptomatic CADASIL,most of which locate in cortico-subcortical region.Cerebral hemorrhage is one of the clinical manifestations of CADASIL patients.
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Objective To explore the clinical,imaging,genetic features in a case of fatal familial insomnia (FFI),and review related literatures.Methods A case of middle-aged woman diagnosed as frontotemporal dementia based on the preliminary manifestation of abnormal mental behavior was reported.The clinical features,imaging characteristics,electroencephalogram and polysomnogram of the patient were analyzed,and the blood samples from the patient and some of her familial members were collected for the sequencing of prion protein gene (PRNP).Results This patient was a middle-aged woman,whose clinical manifestations were abnormal mental behavior,rapid progressive dementia and intractable insomnia,abnormal night sleep behavior and laryngeal stridor.Brain MRI indicated frontotemporal lobe atrophy.Non-sleep disturbance was observed in polysomnography.The cerebrospinal fluid was negative for 14-3-3 protein.The results of PRNP sequencing revealed that the mutation of gene D178N/129M was detected.Conclusions Detection of PRNP plays an important role in the diagnosis of FFI.Patients suspected of FFI in clinic should be detected for genetic testing.Whether the frontotemporal lobe atrophy was caused by FFI or concurrent with FFI remains to be further verified.
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OBJECTIVE: To investigate therapeutic efficacy of Goserelin acetate sustained-release implants combined with bicalutamide in the treatment of elderly (≥70 years old) prostate cancer patients, and its effects on cognitive function and short-term survival rate. METHODS: A total of 56 prostate cancer patients treated in our hospital from Nov. 2014 to Nov. 2016 were divided into observation group and control group according to random number table, with 28 cases in each group. Observation group was given maximal androgen blokage (MAB) treatment which was Goserelin acetate sustained-release implant (subcutaneous injection of abdominal wall, 3. 6 mg/ times, once) combined with Bicalutamide tablet (orally, 50 mg/times, qd). Control group received surgical castration, and then was given docetaxel (intravenous dripping on 1st day) combined with Prednisone acetate tablets (lst-21st day, orally, 5 mg/time, bid) after surgery for adjuvant therapy. Treatment course of 2 groups lasted for 3 weeks, and all patients were followed up for 12 months. Clinical efficacy, Montreal cognitive function assessment table (MoCA) score, serum prostate specific antigen (PSA) levels and 12-month survival rate were observed in 2 groups. RESULTS: The total response rate of observation group was significantly higher than that of control group, with statistical significance (P<0. 05). Before treatment, there was no statistical significance in MoCA score and serum PSA levels between 2 groups (P>0. 05). After treatment, MoCA scores of 2 groups were decreased significantly, and the observation group was higher than the control group, with statistical significance (P<0. 05). 6 and 12 months after treatment, serum PSA levels of 2 groups were decreased significantly, and the observation group was significantly lower than the control group, with statistical significance (P<0. 05); 12-month survival rate of observation group (92. 86％) was significantly higher than that of control group (64. 29％), with statistical significance (P< 0. 05). CONCLUSIONS: Nonsteroidal anti-androgen drugs show significant therapeutic efficacy for elderly prostate cancer, reduce cognitive function damage, improve serum PSA levels, therapeutic efficacy and short-term survival rate.
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Objective To analyze the clinical presentation , the mutation of the pathogenic genes and imaging features in a Chinese Han early-onset Alzheimer's disease pedigree.Methods A pedigree of Alzheimer's disease was collected.The DNA sequence of presenilin 1 (PSEN1), presenilin 2, micro-tubule associated protein tau ,β-amyloid precursor protein gene was analyzed , the clinical presentation , results of accessory examination , neuropsychological evaluation of the proband were investigated and the point mutations of some members of the family , 50 sporadic Alzheimer's disease patients , 50 normal controls were verified.Results The proband of the family appeared as language impairment , memory loss, personality change, repeated language, visuospatial impairment, mental and behavior disorder.The gene detection showed p.L226R mutation in the condon 226 in the exon 7 of PSEN1 gene of the proband and five other family members (Ⅲ1 ,Ⅲ2 ,Ⅲ4 ,Ⅲ6 ,Ⅲ7 ).The mother of the proband had the suspicious symptoms , and the sister and the brother of the proband had the similiar symptoms with the proband , all of whom died.Fifty sporadic Alzheimer'disease patients and 50 unrelated normal subjects did not have the mutation .The computed tomographic angiography showed that the brain blood vessels were normal and 18 F-fludeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (18F-FDG-PET) showed brain atrophy and hypometabolism in frontotemporal regions, parietal regions, hippocampal areas, however, the MRI, MRA and 18F-FDG-PET of the two mutation carriers (Ⅲ6 ,Ⅲ7 ) were all normal.Conclusion We reported a novel mutation in an early-onset Alzheimer's disease family presented as language impairment in the early stage of the disease , the p.L226R mutation of PSEN1, which may be a pathogenic mutation to cause the family's dementia.
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Objective To provide structure and function applied anatomical of auricle stabilizing system for plastic and reconstruction.Methods Twelve cases fresh ears from adult head specimen,to dissect the skin,muscle fascia system and cartilage,to observe nerve,blood vessel and structure of cartilage.Results The structure of auricle Including the perichondrium,auricle cartilage,muscle and ligament.There was a rich blood supply for auricle stabilize system.The mainly blood supply come from posterior auricular artery diameter was 1.2 ± 0.2 cm and superficial temporal artery diameter was 2.6 ± 0.3 mm.Vein accompanying with the same name.Lymphatic flow in the area of superficial muscle fascia.Conclusion The blood supply of posterior auricular artery and superficial temporal artery play a crucial role in auricle repair and reconstruction.The main structure of stable system was elastic cartilage.Auricle cartilage and muscle play an important role in the microsurgery of auricle cartilage morphology and location.
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ObjectiveTo evaluate biomechanical properties of transoralpharyngeal atlantoaxial reduction plate (TARP) prepared from magnesium alloy and titanium alloy for the atlantoaxial dislocation by using three-dimensional finite element analysis and to exam the feasibility of using magnesium alloy for preparation of TARP system so as to provide a theoretical basis for clinical surgery.MethodsA patient with typical atlantoaxial fracture dislocation was involved in the study,and received thin CT scan with clinically used titanium alloy TARP system for obtaining DICOM image data.Three-dimensional finite element analysis software was imported to simulate magnesium alloy and titanium alloy TARP systems for reduction and fixation.Then,stress changes of the atlas,axis,internal fixators and C2/3 zygapophysial joints were determined with three-dimensional finite element analysis and analyzed statistically.Results ( 1 ) The finite element model of atlantoaxial dislocation reduction and fixation had lifelike outline and good geometric similarity.There were 53 586 nodes and 180 784 units.(2) During the simulation of head in neutral position,the stress concentration region was C2/3 zygapophysial joints followed by the anterior arch,posterior arch and lateral mass of atlas respectively,and C2 vertebral arch again.( 3 )Magnesium alloy and titanium alloy TARP systems showed significant difference in stress distribution (P ＜0.05).Conclusions(1)The atlantoaxial model established according to its structure information on CT can be used for biomechanical experiments.(2) For the treatment of atlantoaxial dislocation using the existing titanium TARP system,maintaining the integrity of anterior and posterior arch of atlas and confirming the bone fusion in lateral mass can better keep the stability of the atlantoaxis.After atlantoaxial fusion,the increased stress of the zygapophysial joints of the adjacent segments accelerates structural degeneration,which should be closely followed up.( 3 ) Magnesium alloy TARP system for fixation and reduction shows the fall in peak value of the stress concentration region,and improvement of the uniformity of stress distribution as compared with titanium alloy TARP.
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ObjectiveTo study the pathogenicity of mycoplasma and damage on female's health.Methods The type of infection,symptoms and complications of 128 female patients of mycoplasma infection were counted.The correlation of the disease causing by mycoplasma and other diseases was summarized.Results Among of the 128 patients,there were 78 patients(60.94％) of Mycoplasma urealytium infection,22 patients (17.19％) of Mycoplasma hominis infection,18 patients (14.06％) of Mycoplasma genitalium infection,10 patients(7.81％) of Mycoplasma urealytium and Mycoplasma hominis mixed infection.The disease causing by mycoplasma and associated diseases including 66 patients (51.56％ )of non-gonococcal urethritis,48 patients (37.50％) of mucopurulent cervicitis,32 patients (25.00％) of pelvic inflammatory disease,8 patients (6.25％) of bacterial vaginosis,38 patients (29.69％) of adverse consequences of pregnancy,8 patients(6.25％) ofdysgenesia.ConclusionsMycoplasma urealytium is the major cause of non-gonococcal urethritis,and abortion,stillbirth,premature delivery,early delivery,such as pregnancy-related adverse effects.Mycoplasma genitalium is correlated with pelvic inflammatory disease,mucopurulent cervicitis; Mycoplasma hominis is correlated with bacterial vaginosis; Mycoplasma genitalium and Mycoplasma hominis are likely to lead to tubal infertility.
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ObjectiveTo explore clinical application of selecting flap by using of digital technique in treatment of hemifacial atrophy.MethodsSeven patients with hemifacial atrophy were selected,preoperative CT angiography was performed,deformity and flap three-dimensional reconstruction and design bone and soft tissues using Mimics 14.3 software, latissimus muscular flap or femur anterolateral flap were selected,according to tilt donor area and recipient area blood vessel diameter. Defect model were printed using rapid prototyping. ResultsHemifacial atrophy had a good postoperative shape,and the flaps survived in all the 7 cases.Follow-up 3 years,the flaps look well and the patients get expecting results. ConclusionsThe digital technique was a relatively useful tool that can assist surgeons with reconstruction of the flap,and accurate marking of the extent of the flap to be harvested.Therefore avoiding intraoperative injuries to the blood vessels to better survival of the flaps.
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The fasting and 2 h levels of glucagon, somatostatin ( SS), and C-peptide during 75 g oral glucose tolerance test in 60 patients with type 2 diabetes and 34 normal subjects were determined. Compared with control group, the fasting levels of glucagon and SS and 2 h levels of SS after glucose loading significantly decreased,while the fasting and 2 h levels of C-peptide increased in diabetes group. The 2 h levels of these hormones were significantly higher than the fasting levels in two groups. Compared with control group, the increased folds of glucagon ( 1.40±0.48 vs 1.20±0. 30, P＜0. 05 ) and SS( 2.79±2. 17 vs 1.14±0. 22, P＜0. 01 ) levels after glucose loading were higher and that of C-peptide level ( 3.58 ±3. 10 vs 8. 33 ± 6. 99, P＜0. 01 ) was lower in diabetes group. The levels of fasting glucagon were positively correlated with that of fasting SS in two groups( both P＜0. 01 ). These results suggest that disturbance exists in hormones from α and δ cells besides the dysfunction of β cells in patients with type 2 diabetes.
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Objective To detect the gene expression changes between urethra plates from hypospadias patients and foreskins from non-hypospadias patients by microarray and to investigate the underlying mechanisms of hypospadias.Methods Twelve hypospadias patients,aged 6-12 months (mean,8 months),were enrolled as the test group,including 5 moderate and 7 severe hypospadias patients.Six age-matched patients underwent circumcision were enrolled as controls.Samples from hypospaidas patient's urethra plates during hypospadias repair and samples from the foreskins during circumcision were obtained and processed into Tri-Reagent immediately for RNA extraction.Oligonucleotide expression microarrays were used to detect genes expression changes in tissues from patients with and without hypospadias.This microarray analysis incorporated 22 000 genes.The intensity of all genes present was analyzed by one-way ANOVA (P＜0.01) and Tukey's test.Four estrogen responsive genes,CYR61,CTGF,ATF3 and GADD45β,were tested by RT-PCR in 8 controls,8 moderate hypospadias and 8 severe hypospadias as well.Results Ninty-four genes were detected differentially expressed in hypospadias patients compared with phimosis patients.There were 47 genes upregulated in moderate hypospadias compared with controls(P＜0.01),68 genes up-regulated in severe hypospadias compared with controls(P＜0.001),17 genes up-regulated in severe hypospadias compared with moderate hypospadias(P＞0.05).These genes were involved in different cell functions such as growth regulation and signal transduction.CYR61,CTGF,ATF3 and GADD45β,known to be estrogen responsive or to interact with estrogen receptor were found up-regulated in microarray and the up-regulations were confirmed by RT-PCR.Conclusions The up-regulated genes contribute to the development of hypospadias.Up-regulation of estrogen responsive genes may play important roles in the development of hypospadias.
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Objective To provide structure and function applied anatomical of nasal sub-units for plastic and reconstruction. Methods Twelve cases fresh nose from adult head specimen,to dissect the skin,muscle fascia system, cartilage and bone,to observe and digiital measure nerve, blood vessel and ligament between cartilage. Results The thinnest skin in the point of bone and cartilage junction,the thickest parts in the nasion and the supratip breakpoint.Nose contours include of the skin,cartilage,bones and vascular muscle fascia system;Nasal subunit can be divided into nasion area,nasal dorsum area, nasal tip area,nasal ala area and nasal columella area;Nasal valve was a important anatomic part of bremh.The nasal lateral osteotomy of maxilla can change 2 mm height and width of the nasal bone;Lower lateral cartilage and upper nasal cartilage connection can be separated 6~8 mm. Curvature changes in the crura intermedium of alar cartilage Can raise nasal tip 2 mm. Extent of septal cartilage was 15 mm×20 mm,thickness was 1 mm.The mainly blood supply come from facial artery and ophthalmic artery. Vein accompanying with the same name.Lymphatic flow in the area of superficial muscle fascia. Concision Nasal bone lateral osteotomy can raise up bridge of the nose.To lengthen and highten nasal tip based on the complete strip technique of lower lateral cartilage and upper lateral,and to change angel of medial crus and middle crus of lower lateral cartilage by suture rotation.Nasal skin is rich in artery and vein,so much as four networks.Because the syndrome of nasal contraction deformation occurred more and more recently we must to avoid the vascular network injury when operation, and the anatomical level should be give more noted.
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Objective To investigate the expression of membrane type 1 matrix metalloproteinase(MT1-MMP) in the esophageal carcinoma tissues and in normal periearcinomatous tissues and its clinical significance. Methods Immunohistochemistry was used to study the expression of MT1-MMP in esophageal carcinoma tissues and normal tissues in distance for 5-7 em from tumor. Results Among 54esophageal carcinoma specimens, the positive expression rate of MT1-MMP was 87.0%, while all of themwere expressed a small quantity in normal esophageal epithelial tissues, the expression in the esophageal carcinoma tissues was significantly higher than those in normal esophageal epithelial tissues (P ＜ 0.01 ).The degree of MT1-MMP expressions was associated with the depth of tumor invasion (P ＜ 0.01 ), the invasion of the lymph nodes(P ＜ 0.01 ) and the relapse and/or metastasis of the tumors for three years after surgery(P ＜0.01 ), and was also related to differentiation of tumor cells (P ＜ 0.01 ). Conclusions The expression of MT1-MMP in the esophageal carcinoma tissues is well associated with the depth of tumor invasion, the invasion of the lymph nodes, the differentiation of tumor cells and relapse and/or metastasis of the tumors for three years after surgery. MT1-MMP plays an important rote in the invasion and metastasis in the patients with esophageal carcinoma.
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Objective To summarize the experience in the treatment of cardiac and thoracic aortic injury.Methods 30 patients with cardiac and thoracic aortic injury from 1996 to 2007 are retrospectively studied,including the diagnosis,preoperative preparation,main points of the operation and cardiopulmonary resuscitation.Results 24 patients were completely cured,having no residual in the follow-up periods.4 patients with multiple wound died of complication.2 patients with thoracic aortic injury died in the operation.Conclusion Prompt diagnosis after injury,fast preoperative preparation,precise operative approach and technique,effective cardiopulmonary resuscitation and refraining from omitting associated injury are the key points to the salvage of cardiac and thoracic aortic injury.